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MacDonald Resigns and Hitler Rearms
The depression of the Thirties left much of the population without work, two million were unemployed, and hungry. Crime rates increased. Industrial unrest was so bad that nearly two million working days were lost.
Meanwhile in German Hitler had formed the Luftwaffe and introduced a conscript army. They announced plans for the German Navy. Finally Britain began to re-arm. Plans were made to give the RAF a new squadron every week.
MacDonald resigned in 1935 due to ill health and Stanley Baldwin became Prime Minister.
In October 1935 Italy marched into Abyssinia (Ethiopia). France, in particular, did not want to upset the Italians. In the Hoare-Laval Pact, the British Foreign Secretary Sir Samuel Hoare and French Prime Minister Pierre Laval agreed to allow Italy to annex Abyssinia. This caused an enormous amount of criticism and Baldwin sacked Hoare, replacing him with Anthony Eden.
Stanley Baldwin |
STANLEY BALDWIN (1867-1947), First Earl Baldwin of Bewdley- Born in Bewdley
- Educated at Harrow and Cambridge
- Vice-chairman of his family iron and steel business
- Became a Conservative MP in 1906
- Appointed Bonar Law's Private Secretary in 1916 and President of the Board of Trade in 1921
- Prime Minister from 1923 to 1924 and again from 1924 to 1929 and 1935 to 1937
- His foreign policy often met with criticism, including his failure to anticipate the threat of Nazi Germany
- Negotiated the constitutional question which allowed Edward VIII to abdicate in 1937 but resigned in the same year
The first Penguin book was published in 1935.
Thirties Shirt Politics
- Blackshirts Mosley's British Union of Fascists
- Brownshirts British Fascist Association
- Redshirts The Guild of Youth
- Blueshirts Anti-Communist
- Greenshirts Run by an ex-major and something to do with social credit
 
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| 1931 | National Government is formed
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| 1932 | Mosley begins the British Union of Fascists
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| 1933 | Hitler German Chancellor
Roosevelt US President
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| 1935 | Baldwin Prime Minister for last time
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| 1936 | George V dies
Edward VIII becomes King
Edward VIII abdicates
George VI becomes King
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| 1937 | Chamberlain Prime Minister
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| 1938 | The Munich Agreement is signed
Germany annexes Austria
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| 1939 | World War II begins
Conscription is introduced
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| 1940 | Churchill becomes Prime Minister
Battle of Britain
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| 1941 | Germany invades the USSR
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