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The Royal Navy & Trouble Brewing in the Lords
In 1909 Lloyd George's Finance Bill (the Budget) became the battlefield on which the future role and power of the House of Lords would be fought. The Bill was popular with the people but the powerful Harmsworth Press (The London Evening News, the Daily Mail, the Daily Mirror, The Sunday Despatch and the Times) was against it.
If the Lords rejected the budget, Asquith would have to resign and hold a general election. He believed that if the Government lost that election the House of Lords would effectively become the legislative chamber - they would have taken over from the Commons. The Lords rejected it
Lloyd George |
DAVID LLOYD GEORGE (1863-1945) First Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor- Coalition Prime Minister 1916 to 1922
- Born David George but his father died shortly after his birth and he was brought up by his mother and her brother Richard Lloyd
- Added the Lloyd to his surname
- Became Liberal MP for Caernarfon Boroughs from 1890 to 1945 when he became an Earl
- With Churchill and Thatcher, Lloyd George is one of the three most famous British PMs of the 20th Century
- Became President of the Board of Trade 1905 to 1908, set up the Port of London Authority and carried through the 1906 Merchant Shipping Act and then the 1907 Patents Act
- His famous 1909 budget introduced high-income supertax, high death duties and land taxes to pay for social reform and naval rearmament
- The Lords threw out the budget which resulted in the Parliament Act of 1911 which reduced the powers of the Lords
- At the start of the First World War, Lloyd George was Minister of Munitions
- By Christmas of 1916 he had engineered Asquith's departure and became Coalition Prime Minister
- Set up a small War Cabinet
- After the war he continued to lead a renewed coalition
- Faced with the formidable task of creating a "land fit for heroes" for the 4million servicemen returning to Britain
- Fell from power at the time of revelations that honours had been sold in return for election campaign expenses
- Lost support over the violence in Ireland 1919 to 1922 and the unpopular legislation that resulted in setting up the Irish Free State in 1921
- Resigned in 1922
The Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington opened in 1909Selfridges, named after its American owner, Harry Gordon Selfridge, opened its doors on Oxford Street for the first time in 1909.
LLOYD GEORGE'S 1909 BUDGET
- £600,000 a year from motorists taxes: petrol and driving licences
- £4.4 million a year from Death Duties
- £3.5 million a year from tobacco and spirits duties
- £2.5 million a year from liqueur licences
Income tax would rise from 1s to 1s 2d in the £. Super tax was introduced aimed at high earners (over £3000 a year). Beneficiaries: - The Army
- The Navy
- Old Age Pensions
- Road Building
- Labour Exchanges
- Development Commission for the Countryside
 
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| 1904 | The Russo-Japanese War begins
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| 1905 | Campbell-Bannerman becomes Prime Minister
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| 1906 | Trade Disputes Act is passed
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| 1907 | Anglo-Russian entente is formed
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| 1908 | Campbell-Bannerman dies
Asquith becomes Prime Minister
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| 1909 | Old Age Pensions are introduced
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| 1910 | George V becomes king
The Union of South Africa is established
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| 1911 | The Parliament Act is passed
The National Insurance Act is passed
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| 1912 | The Ulster Volunteer Force is formed
Scott reaches the South Pole
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| 1913 | The Trade Union Act is passed
The Cat and Mouse Act is passed
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| 1914 | World War I begins
Irish Home Rule is granted
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