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The Poor Laws & Tolpuddle Martyrs
With the passing of the Reform Act in 1832. The country became more demanding of reform in other areas. The first effective Factory Act was passed, the Poor Law was reformed and the abolition of slavery was finally passed in 1833.
The Poor Law did not prove particularly popular with those it was meant to benefit. Agricultural workers in particular were falling on harder times and the parishes could not or would not support the poor. In the 1834 amendment boards of guardians were set up to administer the workhouses. The government's intention seemed to be to make workhouses as like prisons as possible.
In 1834 Grey resigned and Melbourne became Prime Minister. He led an 18th century administration in the midst of 19th century stress. He resigned when William IV refused to have Russell as Chancellor. Melbourne became Prime Minister again the following year.
Charles Darwin |
CHARLES ROBERT DARWIN (1809-1882)- Scientist
- Born in Shrewsbury
- Grandson of Erasmus Darwin
- Educated in Edinburgh and Cambridge
- Sailed in the Beagle to South America 1831-1836
- Discovered many new species of plant and animal
- After two decades of heart-searching because its content was so radical, Darwin published On The Origin Of Species By Means Of Natural Selection in 1859
- Published The Descent Of Man in 1871 in which he discussed his theory that man was descended from the ape
After the 1832 Reform Act 650,000 people could vote out a population of 14million. Hardly universal suffrage.
EXTRACT FROM THE ROYAL COMMISSION OF INQUIRY INTO THE ADMINISTRATION AND PRACTICAL OPERATION OF THE POOR LAWS
Throughout the evidence it is shown, that in proportion as the condition of any pauper class is elevated above the condition of independent labourers, the condition of the independent class is depressed; their industry is impaired, their employment becomes unsteady, and its remuneration in wages is diminished. Such persons, therefore, are under the strongest inducements to quit the less eligible class of labourers, and enter the more eligible class of paupers ..... The standard, therefore, to which reference must be made in fixing the condition of those who are to be maintained by the public, is the condition of those who are maintained by their own exertions .......
 
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| 1820 | George III dies
George IV becomes king
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| 1821 | George IV excludes Queen Caroline from the coronation
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| 1822 | Castlereagh commits suicide
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| 1823 | O'Connell forms the Catholic Association
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| 1828 | Wellington becomes Prime Minister
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| 1829 | Metropolitan Police is formed
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| 1830 | George IV dies
William IV becomes king
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| 1833 | Slavery is abolished
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| 1834 | Melbourne becomes Prime Minister
Robert Peel becomes Prime Minister
Tamworth Manifesto is announced
Houses of Parliament are burned down
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| 1835 | Melbourne becomes Prime Minister
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| 1837 | William IV dies
Victoria becomes Queen
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