麻豆社

The hangars at Old Sarum have a weary quality to them, yet also with an abiding strength. The massive brick buttress towers, which stand at each corner, seem to resolutely uphold the rooves, gantries and doors of the massive hangars.

鈥淲hat surprised us, when we were researching the hangars鈥� history was that they were built by German prisoners of war,鈥� says Squadron Leader (Rtd) John Sharpe of the Boscombe Down Aviation Collection, which is housed in a WW1 hangar.

鈥淭hey were helped by Chinese labourers too, which is even more surprising, I suppose.鈥�

The hangers鈥� design is evidence of shortages during WW1. 鈥淲hen you look up at the ceilings in the hangers, you鈥檒l notice the lattice work type of wooden struts up there. It鈥檚 known as the Belfast truss style of roof and we believe there isn鈥檛 a piece of wood up there that鈥檚 longer than eight feet. That鈥檚 because wood was in such short supply in the war, what with the demand from industry and the Western Front where so much of it was used in the trenches for duckboards, and so on.鈥�

Within the Boscombe Down Collection is a replica of a BE2b aeroplane, which was the first aircraft to land at that particular Wiltshire airfield. 鈥淏ut really, the BE2b has come home to Old Sarum鈥�, says John. 鈥淯ndoubtedly, this type of aircraft would have sat in this hangar in 1917, so it鈥檚 nice that there鈥檚 an example of the type back here at Old Sarum.鈥�

What the BE2b also highlights is the vulnerability of fighting aircraft back then. Wing Commander (Rtd) Jeff Jefford is the editor the RAF Historical Journal. 鈥淭here鈥檚 no denying, it鈥檚 a vulnerable aircraft. It鈥檚 a lightweight, wooden frame, with just a few panels of plywood here and there. The rest is canvass. The tactic in WW1 was to fly up close, so guys would be shooting at you from 50 yards away, even less, and if they hit you, it was with .303 type bullets, so you were very vulnerable and you didn鈥檛 have a parachute either.鈥�

Old Sarum represents an expansion of flying training during WW1. It was requisitioned for use as a flight training establishment with its hangars being built in 1917, which are now listed.

It was in the summer of that year that its first squadrons arrived, initially training to be pilots but then later specialising in the bombing role. Old Sarum graduates were taught to fly the DeHavilland DH4 and DH9 aircraft, the workhorse of the British bombing fleet towards the end of the war.
But military aviation in Wiltshire actually goes back before the start of WW1, according to Jeff Jefford.

鈥淭he origins are really at Lark Hill, which isn鈥檛 that far from Old Sarum. Flying there started in 1910. It spread from there to Netheravon and Upavon, both of which were up and running before the war as Royal Flying Corp stations. There鈥檚 a bit of a lull during the early part of the war, as the flying side of things is relatively small scale until 1915-16 when it starts to expand. Whilst construction may have been widespread in 1916, but it鈥檚 in 1917 that expansion really begins, and that鈥檚 when Old Sarum gets going.鈥�

Whilst Wiltshire鈥檚 modern day military connections are mainly with the army, Jeff says the county鈥檚 WW1 heritage includes a lot of aviation.
鈥淟akedown, Boscombe Down 鈥� the 鈥楧own鈥�, meaning flat, being the clue to why they were chosen; and other places too. Lopcombe Corner, Lark Hill, and Stonehenge, where pilots who already knew how to fly were given specialist training in bombing.鈥�

Outside, another civilian flight is taking off from Old Sarum. As he watches it go, John Sharpe reflects on the men who flew from this same runway in WW1.

鈥淵our chances of survival were pretty slim. It must have taken enormous amounts of courage and dedication. I don鈥檛 know how they did it, in all honesty. I take my hat off to them; I really do.鈥�

Location: Old Sarum Airfield, Wiltshire SP4 6DZ
Image shows an Old Sarum hanger. Image courtesy of Imperial War Museums
Presented by Old Sarum and Wiltshire's WW1 Aviation Heritage Squadron Leader John Sharpe, from the Boscombe Down Aviation Collection, with Wing Commander Jeff Jefford from the RAF Historical Society

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